No automated process will do a better Bluebook citation than a human being reading and applying the rules.įootnote #1: Messi v. In other words, there is no getting around learning the Bluebook if you are writing an American legal academic paper that requires citations to be in Bluebook format. So you can and should use them, but you still have to use Rule 10 and Table T1 to make them perfectly compliant with the Bluebook rules. But many cases are reported in multiple reporters, and the Bluebook has requirements regarding which citation version you use depending on the court. These are generally correct in that the letters and numbers are right. Lexis and Westlaw show citations for every case. So, again, you can use them but you will have to fix them. For example, Hein-generated citations do not use small caps for book and journal titles. Those citations are often close but not entirely right.
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If you want them to be correct, you have to fix them.Īnything you download from HeinOnline as a PDF will include a Bluebook citation on the first page of the PDF. It does Bluebook a bit better than Zotero, but its citations are not perfect either. The PowerNotes Content Management System also has an option for generating Bluebook-style citations. However, Zotero's citations are frequently not Bluebook-perfect (especially for primary sources like cases and statutes), so you will have to fix them if you want them to be right. The Zotero Citation Management System has an option for generating Bluebook-style citations. If you want them to be 100% correct, then no. 302) have rules for citing international sources.įinally, many Bluebook rules require certain names, words, and phrases to be shortened. Tables 3 (international organizations, p. It is no longer in the print version of the Bluebook, but it is freely available online. Table 2 has rules for citing sources from selected foreign jurisdictions. federal and state cases, statutes, and other primary legal materials. 227) has jurisdiction-specific rules for citing U.S. Rules for citing international materials: Rule 21 (p.Rules for citing foreign (non-U.S.) materials: Rule 20 (p.Rules for citing non-print sources, including internet and other electronic sources: Rule 18 (p.169): Unpublished and Forthcoming Sources 157): Periodical Materials (including journal articles and newspapers) 147): Books, Reports, and other Nonperiodic Materials 142): Administrative and Executive Materials 135): Legislative Materials (including Congressional documents) 61-94): Style rules, including typeface, capitalization, abbreviation, quotations, and cross references. Since law school work focuses on academic writing, this guide describes and explains the rules in the Whitepages section. The Whitepages section: citation rules for legal academic publications, including law journal articles.The Bluepages section: citation rules for documents written by practitioners, like legal memoranda and court filings.
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